Two security vulnerabilities have been discovered in the OpenSSH secure networking utility suite that, if successfully exploited, could result in an active machine-in-the-middle (MitM) and a denial-of-service (DoS) attack, respectively, under certain conditions.
The vulnerabilities, detailed by the Qualys Threat Research Unit (TRU), are listed below –
- CVE-2025-26465 (CVSS score: 6.8) – The OpenSSH client contains a logic error between versions 6.8p1 to 9.9p1 (inclusive) that makes it vulnerable to an active MitM attack if the VerifyHostKeyDNS option is enabled, allowing a malicious interloper to impersonate a legitimate server when a client attempts to connect to it (Introduced in December 2014)
- CVE-2025-26466 (CVSS score: 5.9) – The OpenSSH client and server are vulnerable to a pre-authentication DoS attack between versions 9.5p1 to 9.9p1 (inclusive) that causes memory and CPU consumption (Introduced in August 2023)
“If an attacker can perform a man-in-the-middle attack via CVE-2025-26465, the client may accept the attacker’s key instead of the legitimate server’s key,” Saeed Abbasi, manager of product at Qualys TRU, said.
“This would break the integrity of the SSH connection, enabling potential interception or tampering with the session before the user even realizes it.”
In other words, a successful exploitation could permit malicious actors to compromise and hijack SSH sessions, and gain unauthorized access to sensitive data. It’s worth noting that the VerifyHostKeyDNS option is disabled by default.
That said, the option was enabled by default on FreeBSD from September 2013 until March 2023, thereby potentially exposing machines running the Unix-like operating system to potential risks.
Repeated exploitation of CVE-2025-26466, on the other hand, can result in availability issues, preventing administrators from managing servers and locking legitimate users out, effectively crippling routine operations.
Both the vulnerabilities have been addressed in version OpenSSH 9.9p2 released today by OpenSSH maintainers.
The disclosure comes over seven months after Qualys shed light on another OpenSSH flaw dubbed regreSSHion (CVE-2024-6387, CVSS score: 8.1) that could have resulted in unauthenticated remote code execution with root privileges in glibc-based Linux systems.
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